Reading Quiz

Question 1:

A dial thermometer uses a coiled metal strip made from two different metals laminated together. What is the property that makes it possible for a dial thermometer to be used as a thermometer?

Answer:

The property is thermal expansion; the two metals have different coefficients of thermal expansion. The contact surface between the metals experiences a force that changes as the two surfaces to expand or contract at differing rates at different temperatures. This causes the coil to twist more or less in a manner that can be calibrated.
  2. When metal gets heated it will expand. Also different metals expand at different rates when heated. The coiled metal strip composed of two different metals will bend when heated because the two metals expand at different rates. The bending of the coiled strip can turn a dial and thus the temperature can be recorded from the mechanical displacement of the dial.
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  4. The metal strip is comprised of two different metals whose thermal expansion rates differ.
  5. The different metals expand at different rates when heated up. It is able to read temperature changes since metal is a conductor.
  6. thermal expansion...the two srips expand and contract with temperature change at different rates
  7. expansion/contraction due to change in temperature. the two metals are arranged in a coil that when heats up, the metals expand and the coil unwinds a bit, moving a needle and vice versa.
  8. The dial thermometer works because the metal becomes brittle at low temperatures and more flexible at higher temperatures. The different metals have different properties and will react differently to the temperature.
  9. Thermal equilibrium permits this because the two materials eventually arrive at the same temperature as the ambient environment (only at different relaxation times).
  10. The thermal expansion of one of the metals. As one metal expands or contracts, it will bend, causing the attached metal to bend, giving it the ability to create a voltage analog to the temperature if used in an electrical circuit in a capacitor fashion.
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Question 2:

Give an example to illustrate why you cannot accurately judge the temperature of an object by how hot or cold it feels to the touch.

Answer:

Two objects in contact will eventually reach a common temperature (thermal equilibrium). However, the rate at which this occurs is determined by the rate of heat flow from the hotter to the colder object. If this rate is low (i.e. long relaxation time), then it is difficult to determine the other object's temperature. Thus, different objects in a room feel colder and hotter, but they are all at the same temperature. This is the reason why toilet seats are not made of metal.
  2. A glass of water at room temperature will not seem that hot or cold when you have also been sitting in the same room for awhile. But if you go outside in very cold weather for awhile and then touch the same glass of water it will feel much hotter. The reason is because our skin temperature fluctuates with the surrounding temperature. If our skin temperature changes then the object we touch will feel hotter or colder depending on the temperature of our skin. So we cannot judge the temperature of an object just by touching it.
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  4. Give three bowls filled with water. 1 . "Cold" 2. "Lukewarm" 3. "Warm" If you place a hand in each of 1 and 3, wait, then place both in bowl 2, the 1 hand will feel bowl 2 to be hot where as the 3 hand will feel it to be cold.
  5. Since my hand is at my body temperature, if I were to touch a grape from the fridge, I would not accurately measure the temperature because it is swayed by my own temp.
  6. because the act of "touching" the object, or placing your hand in contact with the object, will change the temperature of the object, as your hand and the object will exchange heat, and come to the same temperature, or thermal equilibrium.
  7. You have no standard to compare the temperature to.
  8. When an object is touched it attempts to reach equilibrium with the body. Since the body regulates temperature and keeps it constant, equilibrium will not be reached until the object is the same temperature as the body.
  9. Because your skin acts as an insulator and it would require a significant amount of exposure to make the temperature imbalance unlocalized, thus for extremely hot or cold temperatures, which you would usually retract whatever came into contact with the surface, never achieves thermal equilibirum.
  10. When placing an ice cube on the table, you cannot judge the temperature accurately because it is gaining heat from the surroundings until it reaches thermal equilibrium. Also, when touched, heat passes from your finger into the cube, thereby changing the temperature it was at.
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