Reading Quiz

Question 1:

What material from Friday's class (or earlier) are you still uncertain about?

Answer:

Your responses below.
  1. I'm still caught up.
  2. I feel confident in the material so far after today's class.
  3. none
  4. I think I am okay with the information so far.
  5. I have no questions.
  6. i think im good
  7. nothing at this time
  8. --
  9. The magnetron section, but from what I understand that isn't something we are going to be explicitly covering.
  10. I think I understand most of the material from friday's class.
  11. nothing
  12. --
  13. I think I understand everything pretty well so far, so no specific questions.
  14. I wasn't in class on Friday... but as soon as I get the notes I will let you know!
  15. None Thanks.
  16. Nothing at this time.
  17. N/A
  18. I am unsure as to how in depth we need to understand microwaves. You said we didn't really need to know all the engineering details of the magnetron, but can we go over the important physics concepts in microwaves?
  19. none
  20. I wasn't in class on Friday, but I didn't have any questions about the reading so I think I'm okay.
  21. microwaves

Question 2:

What is the range of wavelengths of visible light? What "end" of the range corresponds to red light? What "end" corresponds to violet light?

Answer:

The book says that visible light ranges from 400 nm to 750 nm (I learned 440 - 770 nm, but close enough). Long wavelength means small frequency, and this is the RED end of the spectrum at 750 nm. Short wavelength means large frequency, and this is the VIOLET end of the spectrum at 400 nm.
  1. The range is from 400 nanometers to 750 nanometers. The 750 end corresponds to red light and the 400 nanometer end corresponds to violet light.
  2. The range for visible light is wavelengths from 400 to 750 nm (nano stands for 10^-9). The longer wavelength and lower frequency end of the spectrum corresponds to red light, and the short wavelength and high frequency end corresponds to violet.
  3. 400 nm to 750 nm, the shorter waves (400 nm) correspond to red light, the longer waves (750 nm) correspond to violet light
  4. visible light has wavelengths ove betwwen 400 nm and 750 nm. Infrafred ilight is on the long wavelength side of this range and violet light is on the short wavelength end
  5. The wavelength's of visible light range from 400nm to 700nm. 700nm corresponds to red light and 400nm corresponds to violet light.
  6. 400 nm - 750 nm. red light has a wavelength of 750 nm, while violet light has a wavelength of 400 nm.
  7. the range of wavelengths of visible light is from 400 nm to 750 nm. The longer wavelengths correspond to red light, and the shorter wavelengths correspond to violet light.
  8. about 400nm-700nm. About 700nm. About 400nm.
  9. The wavelengths of visible light range from about 400 nm to 680 nm. Red light corresponds with the end that stops at 680 nm, and violet corresponds to the end that has a wavelength of 400 nm.
  10. The range of wavelengths of visible light is 400 nm through 750 nm. The 400 nm end corresponds to violet light, while the 750 nm end corresponds to red light.
  11. Visible light has wavelengths that range from 400nm to 750nm. The low frequency end corresponds with red light. The high frequency end corresponds with violet light.
  12. The range of wavelengths of visible light is from 400 nm to 750nm. 400 nm corresponds to the violet end and 750 nm to the red end.
  13. 400nm is violet light and 750nm is red light.
  14. The wavelengths range from 400nm to 750nm. The 750nm end corresponds to red light, closest to infrared, and the 400nm corresponds to violet light, closest to ultraviolet.
  15. About 750-400 nanometers, 750nm is red and 400nm is violet.
  16. 400 nm to 750 nm. The 400 nm end correspods with violet light, 750nm corresponds with red loght.
  17. 400 - 780 nm. The low frequency end corresponds to red light and the high frequency end is violet light
  18. The range of wavelengths of visible light is 400nm to 750nm. 400nm corresponds to violet light and 750nm corresponds to red light.
  19. Wavelength reange of visible light: 400 nm to 750 nm Red light is at the high end of the spectrum range around 750 nm, while violet light is at the low end of the spectrum at 400 nm.
  20. visible light ranges from 680 to 400 nanometers. The Infrared end on the left corresponds to red light. Violet light corresponds to the ultraviolet end (right side).
  21. 400 nm to 750 nm; the 750-end corresponds to red, and the 400-end corresponds to violet
  22. from 700 nm to 400 nm. 700nm = red light and 500 nm = violet light.

Question 3:

What's a material's index of refraction?

Answer:

When light enters matter, the electric field part of th electromagnetic radiation interacts with the charges in the matter, resulting in the light changing speed. The index of refraction is the factor by which light changes speed (compared to its speed in vacuum) when it enters matter.
  1. It's the factor by which light slows down in a material. Its slower through materials that are easy to polarize.
  2. The index of refraction of a material is the factor by which light slows down when it enters. The index of refraction is higher for materials easy to polarize, which means light slows down more.
  3. how much light slows down when passing through that material
  4. As light travels through the air, or an object, the molecules within the materials are polarized. molecules that are easily polarized slow light down a lot whereas not easily polarized molecules do little to slow light down. the index of refraction measures how much the object slows down the light
  5. A material's index of refraction is the factor by which light slows down in a material.
  6. the factor by which light slows down in a material due to the light's polarization by nearby electric and magnetic fields.
  7. the index of refraction is the factor by which light slows down in a certain material.
  8. Factor by which light slows down in a material.
  9. A material's index of refraction is the factor by which light slows down as it travels through a material. Materials that polarize easily have a greater index of refraction than those that do not.
  10. A material's index of refraction is how much light slows down when traveling through this material.
  11. The factor by which light slows down in a material is the index of refraction.
  12. A materials index of refraction is te factor by which light slows down in a material.
  13. The factor by which light slows down in a material.
  14. It is a measure of how much the light slows down as it travels through the material.
  15. The factor by which light slows down in a material.
  16. This is how fast light slows down in a material.
  17. It is the factor by which light slows down in a material.
  18. A material's index of refraction is the factor by which light slows down in a material.
  19. The index of refraction is a measure of how much light slows down in a material. A higher index of refraction indicates a slower travel through the material.
  20. It is the factor by which light slows down in a material.
  21. A material's index of refraction is the amount that light slows down in a material.
  22. The factor by which the speed of light in a material is reduced from its speed in empty space, equal to the speed of light in empty space divided by light's speed in the material.

Question 4:

What is Rayleigh Scattering? What common childhood question can you answer using the physics of Rayleigh Scattering?

Answer:

Since the electric field part of electromagnetic radiation interacts with the charged particles in matter (mostly the electrons, since they are lightest), these particles also act as little antennas, radiating the incoming light in new directions. This process of redirecting a passing light wave is called Rayleigh Scattering, as discussed on p. 447. Since Rayleigh Scattering depends on the size of the particle and the wavelength of light, long wavelenght/low frequency light does NOT get redirected very well. Short wavelength/high frequency light gets redirected better. So red light does NOT scatter very much compared to blue light, which DOES scatter more. So using this idea along with some geometry, we can actually answer a very common question: "Why is the sky blue?"!
  1. Its the process by which a tony particle redirects the path of a passing light wave. If I understood this correctly this is what causes the sky to be blue. Light hits the polarized particles and causes them to move in a wave which in turn causes the the particles to act as an antenna, redirecting the original electromagnetic wave.
  2. Rayleigh scattering occurs when tiny particles in the air redirect the path of a light wave that passes through them. This occurs best for blue light since it has a short wavelength. The common childhood question of, 'why is the sky blue?' can be answered using this concept.
  3. Particles in the air become polarized by the sunlight. The sunlight's electromagnetic wave pushes the electric charges around, creating a new electromagnetic field which redirects the light. You can use the principle of Raliegh Scattering to answer "Why is the sky blue?" (Raliegh scattering works better on short-wavelength blue light than longer-wavelength red light. Only the blue light is scattered, reaching our eyes from all different directions.)
  4. rayleigh scattering is the redirection of light when it passes through an object, such as a drop of water, which is what causes the formation of rainbows, as when the light is redirected through the rain drops, the light bends and is seperated into all of the colors of visible light
  5. Rayleigh scattering is the process in which a tiny particle redirects the path of a passing light wave. The common childhood question, "Why is the sky blue?" can be answered using the physics of Rayleigh scattering.
  6. Rayleigh Scattering is the redirection of light due to its interaction with small particles of matter. The common childhood question of "why is the sky blue?" can be answered using the physics of Rayleigh Scattering.
  7. Rayleigh scattering is when a tiny particle in the earths atmosphere such as small collections of atoms and molecules, water droplets, or dust, cause the path of a light wave to be redirected. This is what causes light to scatter and reflect certain colors, and why the sky is blue.
  8. A particle acts as a tiny antenna, receiving part of electromagnetic wave and then immediately re-transmitting in a different direction.
  9. Rayleigh Scattering occurs when a particle (atoms, water, dust) receieves the light's electromagnetic wave and then emits a new wave of its own. The particle acts as an antenna, and since the particles are small, they only act as a good antenna for short-wavelength blue light. Rayleigh Scattering results in these waves being retransmitted in different directions, creating the blue sky that we see every day.
  10. Rayleigh Scattering is the process of a small particle redirecting the path of a passing wave of light, which accounts for the answer to the childhood question "Why is the sky blue?"
  11. Rayleigh Scattering is the process when light accelerates a particle in air, and that particle in turn reemits a new electromagnetic wave in a new direction. Rayleigh scattering can answer the question "why is the sky blue." This has to do with the particles in the air becoming polarized by sunlight.
  12. Rayleigh Scattering is the process by which a particle redirects the path of a passing light wave. You can answer the question of why the sky is blue. Air particles scatter the blue light in all directions, so we see the sky as blue.
  13. When a light wave is redirected by a particle that it runs into. It explains why the sky is blue. Light waves go through particles in our atmostphere and they in turn emit blue light in all directions, including toward the surface of the earth.
  14. Rayleigh scattering is the process where the path of a passing light wave is redirected by another particle. This answers "why is the sky blue?"
  15. A process whereby a tiny particle redirects the path of a passing light wave- it explains why the sky is blue.
  16. This is when light waves hit particles in the atmosphere. The sky is blue beacuse the air particles that the light waves hit become bad "antennas" to pass on red light so they pass on shorter wave length blue light.
  17. Rayleigh Scattering is the process where a particle redirects the path of a passing light wave. Why is the sky blue can be answered by Rayleigh Scattering.
  18. Rayleigh Scattering is when a tiny particle redirects the path of a passing light wave. The common childhood question you can answer using this process is why is the sky blue.
  19. Rayleigh Scattering is the process by which a particle becomes polarized, causing electric charges to accelerate back and forth and emit a new EM wave in a new direction. This can help explain why the sky is blue, since some of the sunlight undergoes Rayleigh scatter and reaches our eyes as blue. Air particle are decent antennas for short-wavelength blue light as opposed to longer wavelength light which do not undergo the scatter.
  20. It is the process in which a tiny particle redirects the path of a passing light wave. "Why is the sky blue?"
  21. Rayleigh scattering is how light from the sun bounces off and through particles in the atmosphere, giving the sky its blue color, and also the colors we see in sunsets.
  22. The redirection of light due to its interaction with small particles of matter. Why is the sky blue?

Question 5:

What concepts or equations from the reading did you find confusing? What would you like us to spend class time discussing further?

Answer:

Your responses below.
  1. I think I understand all of this.
  2. I was okay with this section.
  3. impedance
  4. is violet light the same as ultra violet light?
  5. I think I understood everything pretty well.
  6. no questions, really.
  7. i would like to go over impedance and interference.
  8. how sunlight is reflected through raindrops for us to see.
  9. I'd like to know more about horizontal and vertical polarization.
  10. I'd like to spend more time discussing Rayleigh Scattering and sunlights, sunsets, etc.
  11. I understand most of the concepts in this reading.
  12. I dont really get why polarized sunglasses are better than just normal dark sunglasses.
  13. --
  14. The reflection and what causes interference.
  15. None
  16. None thanks
  17. The section on polarizing sunglasses was really interesting but I didn't understand what polarized light was to begin with.
  18. I would possibley like more explaination on Rayleigh Scattering, how this works and how it explains why the sky is blue.
  19. I was confused about figure 14.1.6 and how this explain why the wave of sunlight bends? I am also confused about impedance.
  20. none
  21. I just need a general overview.
  22. out of phase/in phase